Often in my work, the CI/CD process has been handled by someone else and I’ve very rarely needed to peek behind the curtain. I think names like Jenkins and Travis are great for CI/CD tools, I tend to anthropomorphize them, thinking of them as team members. When explaining CI/CD to non-technical people I usually tell them to think of the CI/CD as another team member who is great at following orders and is happy to do it over and over again.
In much of my work I don’t need to touch devops and I am content with this. I would not consider myself devops nor an expert on CI/CD but I have dabbled. In my personal projects, it can often be months between coding sessions and I found myself often trying to figure out my build process again and again…
After some contemplation, I realised that one of the biggest factors hindering my ability to work on projects outside of work is the need to get my head back into my previous context. So I spent time on my projects ensuring it had decent build tools to keep me moving fast then adding in automated testing to ensure I don’t break code. This led me to being able to write a lot of code quickly without worrying about breaking or how to build/run/test/release code. Despite the initial time investment, I found these build tools have helped me a lot. The natural next step was to have it not run on my computer, it should be run on a CI/CD system.
As I have tried different technologies over different projects, I have tried to experiment with CI/CD as well. I would say I leveraged a lot of each CI for my various projects, but my experience is by no means in depth. Below are summaries of my experiences with different CI/CD tools.
Jenkins
Jenkins was the first experience I had with CI/CD systems, everytime I had to change something I was intimidated.
- Pros
- Mature tool and community
- Someone has probably done what you are trying to do before
- Open Source
- A lot of plugins
- Great for older languages
- Cons
- Config’s can be a little hard to read
- Setup can be overwhelming
Travis CI
Travis CI is the CI/CD where I really dipped my toes into the water. I really like it and would consider it the one I am most familiar with.
- Pros
- Very easy to learn
- Open Source
- Can be self-hosted or use cloud instances
- Databases are simple to use
- Free plan decent
- Cons
- Setup could be simplified with containerization paradigm
- Have experienced some stability issues with cloud hosted instance
Circle CI
Circle CI definitely has great marketing but it is also a pretty good product. In a commercial setting, this is the tool I would probably use if repository is not hosted on GitLab. Understanding how to speed up build and time resources is very easy to handle.
- Pros
- Great visualizations of different tasks
- Uses containerization
- I like how jobs and workflow are separated
- Cons
- Free tier can be a little limiting
- I get too many YouTube ads for it which rubs me the wrong way
GitLab CI/CD
GitLab CI/CD unlike the other tools listed here is actually something I have used commercially. I find it to be very similar to Circle CI in terms of config, not a bad thing. I do however feel their UI isn’t as great. If the repository is hosted on GitLab, I would not hesitate to use GitLab CI/CD.
- Pros
- Easily integrated with your Gitlab repository
- Decent free plan
- Can host own instances for the CI runner to use
- Can easily run builds locally (Great for debugging)
- Cons
- Need to use GitLab
- UI can be sluggish
- UI not as good as Circle CI
AWS CodePipeline
I haven’t actually heard much about AWS CodePipeline but recently I wrote a website which required Lambda and S3 hosting, so i figured there was an AWS CI/CD offering.
- Pros
- Great if infrastructure hosted on AWS
- Amazing for handling security all within AWS
- Can use UI to design PipeLine for common features
- Deployment to S3 was very straight forward
- Cons
- I quickly ran through the free allowance on a simple project
- Deploying assets to Lambda required scripting
- It is AWS
GitHub Actions
With GitLab having GitLab CI/CD and Bitbucket having Bamboo, it was no surprise that GitHub would eventually introduce its own CI/CD. GitHub Actions also subscribes to the containerization paradigm.
- Pros
- Easily integrated with your GitHub repository
- Free tier is very generous
- Great for basic stuff
- Actions tab is right in with your repository
- Can use GitHub’s, your own or other’s “Actions” to handle tasks e.g. checkout, setup Node version, etc.
- Cons
- Very new product (still in beta as of writing)
- Documentation outside of 1st party is still lacking
- Jobs and workflow are integrated, can make configs a little difficult to understand if you need a high level summary
- Need to use GitHub
- Easy to expose your private tokens
What do I use?
Despite trying out different tools, at the moment I would say I am quite happy with Travis and GitHub Actions. I like that Travis is very flexible and I always feel in control of my builds but it is also one of its downsides. Sometimes a containization approach does a lot of the boring stuff for you. Yes, I know Travis can user containers too but it isn’t designed with that paradigm in mind. For much of my latest projects, I try to use GitHub Actions, it does basic stuff easily and with custom actions you could abstract a lot from your config file. If I am working with a repository on GitLab, I would probably use GitLab CI/CD. That being said I have no intention of changing my other project’s CI/CD, it runs and as long as it keeps working they are fine. One of the beautiful things about CI/CD systems, set it and forget it.
Next
Although I am happy with the CI/CD tools I currently use, if opportunity strikes I would like to try other tools. Some that have caught my eye have been: